Section Test:Renal Function

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1. Which of the following is always found in the renal cortex?

glomerular capsule
collecting duct
descending limb of nephron loop
ascending limb of nephron loop

2. Some drugs reduce the glomerular filtration rate. To be a potent GFR reducer, the drug probably

causes vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole
causes vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole
causes vasodilation of the afferent arteriole
causes vasodilation of the efferent arteriole.

3. If a substance is moved from the peritubular capillary into the distal convoluted tubule, the substance is said to be

filtered
excreted
reabsorbed
secreted

4. Which of the following is an abnormal constituent of the urine?

urea
creatinine
hydrogen ion
leukocytes

5. The coutercurrent multiplier system is responsible for

establishing a hyperosmotic renal medulla
the reabsorption of glucose
the reabsorption of H+
the secretion of H+

6. If someone received an injury such that no ADH was produced, what region would be damaged?

renal cortex
renal medulla
brain
spinal cord
→ While ADH acts on the renal system, it is actually secreted by the posterior pituitary located in the brain.

7. What explains the reason that alcohol consumption can lead to dehydration?

alcohol is an ADH inhibitor, and ADH increases water reabsorption
alcohol stimulates ADH production, and ADH decreases water reabsorption
alcohol is an ADH inhibitor, and ADH decreases water reabsorption
alcohol stimulates ADH production, and ADH increases water reabsorption.

8. The urethra in a female

contains a region called the membranous urethra
directly drains the kidneys
is shorter than in a male
passes through the prostate gland

9. Stimulation of the osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus would be expected to cause all of the following to increase except

ADH release from the pituitary
water reabsorption from the renal collecting duct
rate of urine formation
osmolality of urine
none of the above; that is, none are exceptions since all would be expected to increase

10. Which of the following is the stimulus for increased secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?

increase blood plasma osmolality above normal
decrease blood plasma osmolality below normal
increase systemic arterial pressure
increase venous blood volume and atrial pressure
increase cardiac contractility (force of contraction)

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